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This book examines the political mobilization of ´Israeli-Arabs,´ Palestinian citizens of Israel. By examining the events, context, and effects of Land Day 1976 and Habbat October 2000, and combining them with original research and interviews, the author presents fresh insights into Palestinian political mobilization against Israeli injustices.

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INTRODUCTION: It all started with a puzzle 1948 Palestinians: definitions, identity crisis, and historical background A note on the methodology and research challenges Social movement theory as a theoretical framework 1976 LAND DAY 1976 Land Day, the day 1948 Palestinians mobilized against state policies 1976 Land Day: motivation and timing 1976 Land Day: political opportunities and resources Positive framing of opportunities and resources HABBAT OCTOBER Was Habbat October unique? Developments in the political movement up to Habbat October Habbat October: multiple names and a single indiscriminate Israeli bullet Habbat October: political opportunities and resources Framing and dynamics of mobilization Habbat October - similarities, differences and dynamics CONCLUSION

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"The ´1948 Palestinians´ Palestinian citizens of Israel have been largely disregarded and deserted in the tragic affairs of the Middle East. Nida Shoughry puts them at center stage, describing and explaining their multiple responses to life in Israel whether acquiescence, participation, or resistance. This book is essential reading for those who want to understand the most urgent, complex, and tragic relationship in contemporary international politics." - Ken Booth, senior research associate, Aberystwyth University, Wales and editor of International Relations

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NIDA SHOUGHRYholds a PhD in International Politics from the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, and a MA in Broadcast Journalism from Emerson College, Boston. Shoughry has worked on several research projects in the fields of media and politics, focusing mainly on the Middle East and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Shoughry is the author of Dehumanizing the Enemy in War Coverage (2010), and her work includes journalism articles, reports, and translations.

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