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Poverty can be viewed as, (a) Economic poverty, (b) Environmental poverty, (c) Human poverty. ´Economic poverty´ basically means that the poor lack income generating resources and the purchasing power to earn enough to meet their subsistence. ´Environmental poverty´ deals with the physical environment in which the poor lives. The poor do not have access to basic minimum needs of life like safe drinking water, shelter, sanitation, roads etc. ´Human poverty´ relates to the socio-cultural environment of the poor. The deprivation relates to socio-developmental indicators like literacy, primary education, primary health care, family welfare etc. To facilitate empowerment of women through self-help groups the government should provide various programs to increase the capability of the urban women by providing literacy, primary education, primary healthcare, family welfare and political participation of the women.

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Ramanaiah, C.
Dr. C. Ramanaiah has completed his Ph.D. in Sociology and awarded in 2013 from Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. He published more than 7 research papers in reputed journals. He attend several seminars/conferences and presented more than 18 papers. He had a PGDCA. He served in several NGOs and working as Academic Consultant in S.V.University.

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